- General formula: CₙH₂ₙ₊₂
- Saturated = only single C-C bonds (no double bonds)
- First four: Methane (CH₄), Ethane (C₂H₆), Propane (C₃H₈), Butane (C₄H₁₀)
- Naming prefix: Meth=1, Eth=2, Prop=3, But=4, Pent=5, Hex=6
- Longer chains = higher boiling point
- Good fuels — burn in oxygen to release energy
- Generally unreactive — no easily broken bonds
- They're immiscible with water (don't mix)
This key facts covers Key Facts: Alkanes within Alkanes for GCSE Chemistry. Topic 38: Alkanes It is section 7 of 12 in this topic. Use this key facts to connect the idea to the wider topic before moving on to questions and flashcards.
Practice questions for Alkanes
What is the general formula for the alkane homologous series?
Explain why the boiling point of alkanes increases as the chain length increases.
Quick recall flashcards
Formula for ethane?
C₂H₆
Formula for butane?
C₄H₁₀