Restoration England 1660-1685Key Facts

Finance: The Constant Problem

Part of Charles II's CourtGCSE History

This key facts covers Finance: The Constant Problem within Charles II's Court for GCSE History. Revise Charles II's Court in Restoration England 1660-1685 for GCSE History with 8 exam-style questions and 4 flashcards. This is a high-frequency topic, so it is worth revising until the explanation feels precise and repeatable. It is section 5 of 16 in this topic. Use this key facts to connect the idea to the wider topic before moving on to questions and flashcards.

Topic position

Section 5 of 16

Practice

8 questions

Recall

4 flashcards

📌 Finance: The Constant Problem

IssueDetail
Parliamentary incomeSet at £1.2 million per year — often fell short in practice
Dutch Wars costThree expensive wars significantly exceeded budget
Stop of the Exchequer (1672)Charles suspended debt repayments to fund Third Dutch War — caused banking crisis
Secret Treaty of Dover (1670)France paid Charles £160,000 per year in exchange for pro-French policy and secret promise to convert to Catholicism
After Exclusion CrisisCharles managed without Parliament 1681-85 using French subsidy and careful spending

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Practice Questions for Charles II's Court

Why was Charles II known as the 'Merry Monarch'?

  • A. He passed laws giving the people more freedom and reducing taxation
  • B. He loved pleasure — parties, gambling, horse racing, and had many mistresses
  • C. He was always cheerful in Parliament and never lost his temper in debates
  • D. He restored merry traditions like Christmas that the Puritans had banned
1 markfoundation

Why was Nell Gwyn particularly popular with ordinary Londoners compared to Charles II's other mistresses?

  • A. She was a noblewoman who gave generously to the poor of London
  • B. She was a foreign princess who helped negotiate peace treaties
  • C. She was English and Protestant, unlike Charles's French Catholic mistress Louise de Kerouaille
  • D. She stayed out of politics and never interfered in government affairs
1 markfoundation

Quick Recall Flashcards

Who was Nell Gwyn?
Charles's most popular mistress — former orange seller and actress. Beloved by crowds as a Protestant Englishwoman. Famous quote: 'Pray, good people, be civil. I am the Protestant whore.'
Who was the Earl of Danby?
Charles's chief minister 1673-78. Anglican Tory who tried to build a royalist-Anglican alliance. Impeached 1678 over French negotiations. Later helped organise the Glorious Revolution of 1688.

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