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Conflict and Tension 1918-1939Key Facts

Treaty Terms — Key Statistics

Part of Treaty of Versailles — GCSE History

This key facts covers Treaty Terms — Key Statistics within Treaty of Versailles for GCSE History. Revise Treaty of Versailles in Conflict and Tension 1918-1939 for GCSE History with 8 exam-style questions and 6 flashcards. This topic shows up very often in GCSE exams, so students should be able to explain it clearly, not just recognise the term. It is section 4 of 11 in this topic. Use this key facts to connect the idea to the wider topic before moving on to questions and flashcards.

Topic position

Section 4 of 11

Practice

8 questions

Recall

6 flashcards

📊 Treaty Terms — Key Statistics

CategorySpecific Terms
Territory LostAlsace-Lorraine → France | Eupen-Malmedy → Belgium | North Schleswig → Denmark | West Prussia & Posen → Poland (Polish Corridor) | Saar → League control (15 years) | All colonies → "mandates"
Military LimitsArmy: max 100,000 (no conscription) | Navy: 6 battleships, no submarines | Air Force: NONE | Rhineland: demilitarised
Reparations£6.6 billion (set 1921) | Payments until 1984 | Led to hyperinflation crisis (1923)
War GuiltArticle 231: Germany accepts SOLE blame | Justified all other punishments | Most hated term
OtherAnschluss forbidden (no union with Austria) | Germany NOT allowed in League of Nations initially

🔥 German Reactions — "Diktat!"

Germans were furious. They called the treaty a "Diktat" (dictated peace) because:

  • Not invited to negotiations — just told to sign or face invasion
  • "Stab in the back" myth — many believed Germany hadn't lost militarily, just been betrayed by politicians (the "November Criminals" who signed the Armistice)
  • War Guilt was humiliating — they didn't believe Germany was solely responsible
  • Self-determination ignored — Germans in Sudetenland (Czechoslovakia), Austria, and Poland were denied union with Germany
  • Economic ruin — reparations led to hyperinflation (1923), misery, resentment

    • Exam link: This resentment was exploited by Hitler — he promised to tear up Versailles.

    Keep building this topic

    Read this section alongside the surrounding pages in Treaty of Versailles. That gives you the full topic sequence instead of a single isolated revision point.

    Treaty of Versailles: LAMBWhy Was the Treaty So Harsh? — Connected CausationSetting the SceneRemember: LAMB (the 4 key terms)

    Practice Questions for Treaty of Versailles

    What was Article 231 of the Treaty of Versailles?

    • A. The clause limiting Germany's army to 100,000 men
    • B. The clause setting reparations at £6.6 billion
    • C. The War Guilt Clause — Germany accepted sole blame for starting the war
    • D. The clause banning Germany from joining the League of Nations
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    How much were Germany required to pay in reparations under the Treaty of Versailles?

    • A. £660 million
    • B. £6.6 billion
    • C. £66 billion
    • D. £660 billion
    1 markfoundation

    Quick Recall Flashcards

    What does LAMB stand for?
    Land, Army, Money, Blame — the 4 key treaty terms
    Army limit?
    100,000 soldiers, no tanks, no air force, 6 battleships, no submarines

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    Why Was the Treaty So Harsh? — Connected Causation