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Quiz yourself on Homeostasis IntroGet your flashcardsBuild my revision planTrack my progress📋 Key Facts and Numbers to Know
- Normal core body temperature: 37°C (the optimum for most human enzymes)
- Normal blood glucose range: approximately 4–8 mmol/L (rises after meals, falls during exercise, then corrected)
- Normal blood pH range: 7.35–7.45 (maintained largely by the lungs and kidneys)
- The three main variables controlled: temperature, blood glucose, water balance
- Every control system has the same three components: receptor → coordination centre → effector
- Negative feedback responses are always opposite in direction to the original change
- The nervous system is faster but shorter-lived; the endocrine system is slower but longer-lasting
- Enzymes denature at temperatures significantly above 37°C — the active site changes shape permanently
- Different coordination centres handle different variables: hypothalamus (temperature), pancreas (blood glucose), kidneys (water balance)
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