Calculating Relative Atomic Mass (Ar)

Part of Atomic Structure · Section 8 of 14

Worked ExampleUnit: Atomic StructureGCSE

This worked example covers Calculating Relative Atomic Mass (Ar) within Atomic Structure for GCSE Chemistry. Revise Atomic Structure in Atomic Structure for GCSE Chemistry with 28 exam-style questions and 22 flashcards. This topic appears regularly enough that it should still be part of a steady revision cycle. It is section 8 of 14 in this topic. Treat this as a marking guide for what examiners are looking for, not just a fact list.

🧮 Calculating Relative Atomic Mass (Ar)

Formula: Ar = (mass of isotope × % abundance + mass of isotope × % abundance + …) ÷ 100

Worked example — Chlorine:

Chlorine has two isotopes: ³⁵Cl (abundance 75%) and ³⁷Cl (abundance 25%)

Ar = (35 × 75 + 37 × 25) ÷ 100 = (2625 + 925) ÷ 100 = 3550 ÷ 100 = 35.5

This is why the periodic table shows chlorine's relative atomic mass as 35.5 — it is a weighted average of both isotopes.

Practice questions for Atomic Structure

What does the atomic number of an element tell you?

  • A. The number of neutrons in the nucleus
  • B. The total mass of the atom
  • C. The number of protons in the nucleus
  • D. The number of electrons in the outer shell
1 markfoundation

Explain what is meant by the relative atomic mass of an element and how it is calculated from isotopic data. [3 marks]

3 marksstandard

Quick recall flashcards

What is the mass number?
The total number of protons + neutrons in an atom
What are nucleons?
Particles in the nucleus — protons and neutrons together

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