Chemical AnalysisTopic Summary

Topic Summary: Chromatography

Part of ChromatographyGCSE Chemistry

This topic summary covers Topic Summary: Chromatography within Chromatography for GCSE Chemistry. Revise Chromatography in Chemical Analysis for GCSE Chemistry with 20 exam-style questions and 15 flashcards. This topic appears regularly enough that it should still be part of a steady revision cycle. It is section 13 of 13 in this topic. Use this topic summary to connect the idea to the wider topic before moving on to questions and flashcards.

Topic position

Section 13 of 13

Practice

20 questions

Recall

15 flashcards

Topic Summary: Chromatography

Key Terms
  • Mobile phase: solvent that moves
  • Stationary phase: paper (stays fixed)
  • Solvent front: furthest point of solvent
  • Rf = substance distance ÷ solvent distance
Rf Value Rules
  • Always between 0 and 1
  • No units
  • More soluble → higher Rf
  • Same Rf in same solvent = probably same substance
Interpreting Results
  • 1 spot = possibly pure substance
  • Multiple spots = definitely a mixture
  • Matching Rf values → likely same compound
  • Spot at baseline = insoluble in solvent used
Practical Technique
  • Use PENCIL (not pen) for baseline
  • Start line must be above solvent
  • Mark solvent front immediately
  • Measure from start line to spot centre

Keep building this topic

Read this section alongside the surrounding pages in Chromatography. That gives you the full topic sequence instead of a single isolated revision point.

Practice Questions for Chromatography

What is the purpose of chromatography?

  • A. To separate the components of a mixture
  • B. To measure the mass of a substance
  • C. To change a substance from a solid to a liquid
  • D. To make a substance more concentrated
1 markfoundation

Explain how a chromatogram can be used to determine whether a substance is pure or a mixture.

3 marksstandard

Quick Recall Flashcards

What is chromatography?
A separation technique used to separate mixtures into their individual components based on different affinities for mobile and stationary phases
What does Rf stand for and what does it measure?
Rf = Retention factor. It measures how far a substance travels compared to the solvent (distance moved by substance ÷ distance moved by solvent)

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