Atomic StructureDefinitions

Key Definitions

Part of Group 1: Alkali MetalsGCSE Chemistry

This definitions covers Key Definitions within Group 1: Alkali Metals for GCSE Chemistry. Revise Group 1: Alkali Metals in Atomic Structure for GCSE Chemistry with 20 exam-style questions and 20 flashcards. This topic appears less often, but it can still be a useful differentiator on mixed-topic papers. It is section 7 of 12 in this topic. Make sure you can use the exact wording confidently, because definition marks are often lost through vague language.

Topic position

Section 7 of 12

Practice

20 questions

Recall

20 flashcards

📖 Key Definitions

Alkali metals: The elements in Group 1 of the periodic table (Li, Na, K, Rb, Cs, Fr) — reactive metals with 1 outer electron that form +1 ions and alkaline hydroxides when they react with water.

Reactivity trend (Group 1): Reactivity increases going down Group 1 because the outer electron is further from the nucleus and more shielded, making it easier to lose.

Electron shielding: The reduction in nuclear attraction experienced by outer electrons due to the repulsion from inner electron shells.

Metal hydroxide: The alkaline product formed when an alkali metal reacts with water, e.g., sodium hydroxide (NaOH), potassium hydroxide (KOH).

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Read this section alongside the surrounding pages in Group 1: Alkali Metals. That gives you the full topic sequence instead of a single isolated revision point.

Practice Questions for Group 1: Alkali Metals

How many electrons do alkali metals have in their outermost shell?

  • A. 1
  • B. 2
  • C. 7
  • D. 8
1 markfoundation

Explain why potassium is more reactive than sodium when it reacts with water.

3 marksstandard

Quick Recall Flashcards

More reactive: Li or K?
Potassium (further down = more reactive)
Equation: sodium + water →
2Na + 2H₂O → 2NaOH + H₂

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