The Challenge of Resource ManagementComparison
Energy Sources Compared — The Trade-Off Table
Part of Energy Resource Management — GCSE Geography
This comparison covers Energy Sources Compared — The Trade-Off Table within Energy Resource Management for GCSE Geography. Revise Energy Resource Management in The Challenge of Resource Management for GCSE Geography with 15 exam-style questions and 20 flashcards. This topic appears regularly enough that it should still be part of a steady revision cycle. It is section 7 of 13 in this topic. Use this comparison to connect the idea to the wider topic before moving on to questions and flashcards.
Topic position
Section 7 of 13
Practice
15 questions
Recall
20 flashcards
⚖️ Energy Sources Compared — The Trade-Off Table
| Energy Source | Reliable? | Carbon Emissions | Cost (new generation) | Key Problems |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Coal | Yes — baseload | Very high — worst of all fuels | Cheap fuel; moderate plant cost | Climate change; air pollution; finite reserves |
| Natural gas | Yes — flexible and controllable | High, but ~50% less than coal | Moderate; fast to build | Import dependence (Russia); price volatility; still emits CO₂ |
| Nuclear | Yes — excellent baseload | Very low (lifecycle) | Very high; very slow to build | Cost overruns; waste storage; public opposition; slow |
| Onshore wind | Intermittent — needs backup | Very low | Low — cheapest in many regions | Intermittency; visual impact; NIMBY opposition; grid infrastructure |
| Offshore wind | More reliable than onshore | Very low | Moderate — falling fast | Expensive to build and maintain; limited to coastal locations |
| Solar (PV) | Intermittent — daytime only | Very low | Very low — fallen 99.8% since 1976 | No output at night; lower output in winter in northern countries |
| Hydroelectric | Yes — controllable | Low (some methane from reservoirs) | High initial; low running costs | Floods valleys; displaces communities; geography-dependent |