3.3 Data RepresentationKey Facts

How Lossy Compression Works

Part of Compression · GCSE GCSE Computer Science revision

This key facts covers How Lossy Compression Works within Compression for GCSE Computer Science. Revise Compression in 3.3 Data Representation for GCSE Computer Science with 16 exam-style questions and 16 flashcards. This topic appears regularly enough that it should still be part of a steady revision cycle. It is section 7 of 12 in this topic. Use this key facts to connect the idea to the wider topic before moving on to questions and flashcards.

Topic position

Section 7 of 12

Practice

16 questions

Recall

16 flashcards

How Lossy Compression Works

Key Principle: Remove What Humans Can't Perceive

For Images (JPEG):

  • Human eye limitations: More sensitive to brightness than color
  • Strategy: Keep brightness detail, reduce color detail
  • Averaging: Group nearby similar pixels, store average
  • Discard high frequencies: Remove fine texture details
  • Result: 10× smaller file, looks nearly identical to most viewers

For Audio (MP3):

  • Human hearing limitations: Can't hear very high/low frequencies
  • Psychoacoustic masking: Loud sounds mask quiet nearby sounds
  • Strategy: Remove frequencies humans can't hear
  • Remove masked sounds: Quiet sounds near loud ones = discarded
  • Result: 10× smaller, sounds nearly identical to CD

Quality Levels (User Control):

  • Low quality: 90% compressed - visible/audible artifacts
  • Medium quality: 85% compressed - good balance (default)
  • High quality: 70% compressed - minimal loss, larger file
  • Trade-off: More compression = smaller file but worse quality

Keep building this topic

Read this section alongside the surrounding pages in Compression. That gives you the full topic sequence instead of a single isolated revision point.

Practice Questions for Compression

Which statement correctly describes lossy compression?

  • A. The original file can be perfectly restored after decompression.
  • B. Data is permanently removed and the original cannot be exactly recreated.
  • C. The compressed file is always the same size as the original.
  • D. No data is removed during the compression process.
1 markfoundation

Explain how run-length encoding (RLE) works to compress data.

3 marksstandard

Quick Recall Flashcards

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