This key facts covers FTP - File Transfer Protocol within Protocols for GCSE Computer Science. Revise Protocols in 3.5 Fundamentals of Computer Networks for GCSE Computer Science with 18 exam-style questions and 18 flashcards. This topic appears regularly enough that it should still be part of a steady revision cycle. It is section 5 of 11 in this topic. Use this key facts to connect the idea to the wider topic before moving on to questions and flashcards.
FTP - File Transfer Protocol
What is FTP?
Protocol for transferring files between computers over a network. Used for uploading website files to web servers, downloading large files, and sharing files between systems.
How FTP Works:
- Client-Server model: FTP client connects to FTP server
- Authentication: Requires username and password (or anonymous access)
- Two channels: Command channel (port 21) and data channel (port 20)
- Upload/Download: PUT command uploads, GET command downloads
- Directory navigation: Browse folders on remote server like local filesystem
FTP Uses:
- Website management: Upload HTML, CSS, JavaScript to web server
- File sharing: Share large files between organizations
- Backups: Transfer backup files to remote storage
- Software distribution: Download software from FTP servers
FTP Limitations:
- NOT secure: Passwords and data sent in plain text
- Outdated: Being replaced by SFTP (Secure FTP) and HTTPS
- Vulnerable: Credentials can be intercepted
Modern Alternative - SFTP:
SFTP (SSH File Transfer Protocol) is the secure version of FTP. Encrypts all data including passwords. Used instead of FTP for modern file transfers.
Practice questions for Protocols
What is a protocol in networking?
Explain the role of TCP/IP in network communication.