Key Definitions

Part of Radioactive Decay · Section 8 of 14

DefinitionsUnit: Atomic StructureGCSE

This definitions covers Key Definitions within Radioactive Decay for GCSE Physics. Revise Radioactive Decay in Atomic Structure for GCSE Physics with 15 exam-style questions and 6 flashcards. This is a high-frequency topic, so it is worth revising until the explanation feels precise and repeatable. It is section 8 of 14 in this topic. Make sure you can use the exact wording confidently, because definition marks are often lost through vague language.

📖 Key Definitions

Radioactive decay: The spontaneous, random emission of radiation from an unstable nucleus as it becomes more stable.

Alpha particle (α): A particle consisting of 2 protons and 2 neutrons, emitted from heavy unstable nuclei.

Beta particle (β): A high-speed electron emitted from the nucleus when a neutron converts to a proton.

Gamma ray (γ): High-energy electromagnetic radiation emitted from a nucleus releasing excess energy.

Ionisation: The process of removing electrons from atoms, creating ions. Radiation causes ionisation as it passes through matter.

Practice questions for Radioactive Decay

An alpha particle consists of which particles?

  • A. 2 protons and 2 neutrons
  • B. 1 proton and 1 neutron
  • C. An electron and a positron
  • D. A proton and an electron
1 markfoundation

Explain why alpha radiation is described as highly ionising but weakly penetrating.

2 marksstandard

Quick recall flashcards

Alpha particle is?
2p + 2n (helium nucleus)
Beta particle is?
Fast electron from nucleus

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