The Liberal Reforms — "5 SHOP": Five key reforms in chronological order:
- School meals (1906) — free meals for malnourished children
- Health inspections in schools (1907)
- Old Age Pensions (1908) — 5 shillings/week for over 70s
- Placement bureaus/Labour Exchanges (1909) — finding jobs for unemployed
- National Insurance (1911) — 4d + 3d + 2d = sick pay + unemployment pay
The Somme statistics:
- 1 July 1916 — day ONE of the Somme
- 57,000 British casualties on that single day (19,240 dead)
- 420,000 total British casualties in the whole battle
- 7 miles maximum advance in 5 months
Why Britain went to war — "BABS":
- Belgium invaded (Treaty of London 1839 — the trigger that brought Britain in)
- Alliances (entente with France + Russia)
- British naval interests (naval arms race with Germany; sea trade vital)
- Schlieffen Plan (German war plan required crossing Belgium)
Votes for women — key dates: 1903 WSPU founded; 1913 Emily Davison at the Derby; 1918 women OVER 30 get the vote; 1928 EQUAL voting rights (all women 21+). The 25-year gap between 1903 and 1928 is the span of the whole campaign.
This memory aid covers Memory Aids within Britain in Peace and War, 1900-1918 for GCSE History. Revise Britain in Peace and War, 1900-1918 in Component Group 3 — British Depth Studies for GCSE History with 14 exam-style questions and 18 flashcards. This is a high-frequency topic, so it is worth revising until the explanation feels precise and repeatable. It is section 14 of 17 in this topic. Use it for quick recall, then test yourself straight afterwards so the memory aid becomes usable in an answer.
Practice questions for Britain in Peace and War, 1900-1918
Describe four features of the wealth and class divide in Edwardian Britain around 1900. [4 marks]
Describe four features of the Liberal reforms introduced between 1906 and 1911. [4 marks]