Preterite: key irregulars (ir/ser/hacer/tener/estar/ver/dar)

SpanishAQAGCSEUnit: Time Frames
Free taster
5 of 6 sections open
The basics

Los siete irregulares del pretérito — 7 Key Irregular Preterites Side by Side

📚 Los siete irregulares del pretérito — 7 Key Irregular Preterites Side by Side

These verbs do not follow the regular -é/-aste/-ó pattern. Each has its own stem. Study the table column by column — spot which verbs share the same endings, and note where accents are absent.
Pronombre ser / ir hacer tener estar ver dar
yo fui hice tuve estuve vi di
fuiste hiciste tuviste estuviste viste diste
él/ella fue hizo tuvo estuvo vio dio
nosotros fuimos hicimos tuvimos estuvimos vimos dimos
ellos/ellas fueron hicieron tuvieron estuvieron vieron dieron

ser and ir share IDENTICAL preterite forms — only context tells them apart. Fui means "I went" or "I was" depending on the sentence.

Spotlight
Two Critical Facts About Irregular Preterites

Two things confuse students the most: why hizo is spelled with a z, and why irregular preterites carry no written accent. Both have a logical explanation.

Exam tip

Earn the mark scheme marks

⚠️ Common Irregular Preterite Mistakes

These two errors appear regularly in GCSE writing and speaking. Both come from applying regular-verb rules to irregular verbs.

❌ Error 1: Ayer hicó mucho calor.

✅ Correcto: Ayer hizo mucho calor.

Why it costs marks: The preterite él/ella form of hacer is hizo — the c changes to z before the o ending to preserve the /θ/ sound. Hicó does not exist in Spanish and will be marked as an error. Never add the regular ending to an irregular stem.

❌ Error 2: Fué al mercado. (with accent)

✅ Correcto: Fue al mercado.

Why it costs marks: fue is an irregular preterite — it carries no written accent. Students who learn the regular rule (hablé, habló) sometimes apply it to all preterites. Irregulars are exempt because their forms already look different from the present tense, so the accent is both unnecessary and incorrect.

Now try it yourself

Quiz · Question 1 of 13

Tap an answer to check it

Revise every Spanish topic, free during alpha

Preterite: key irregulars (ir/ser/hacer/tener/estar/ver/dar) is one of 55 topics on PrepWise — all aligned to your exam board.

Start revising free →