Evidence Moves (Metaphor, Expert Citation, Statistics)

English LanguageAQAGCSEUnit: Writing — Persuasive Structure
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The basics

📖 Three Types of Evidence, One Recognition Move

📖 Three Types of Evidence, One Recognition Move

A student in a magazine competition wrote: “Processed food is slowly killing us. Scientists say it is bad. The figures are shocking.” They lost to a student who wrote: “Processed food, argues Professor Helen Farrow of UCL, is now the single largest factor in avoidable early death in the UK — a truth the industry has spent forty years and £2.3 billion burying.”

Same claim. Completely different persuasive force. The difference is not confidence — it is evidence type. AQA Q5 rewards writers who know which kind of evidence to use and what to do with it.

What are the three evidence moves in persuasive writing, and what does each one do?: <strong>Metaphor</strong> &mdash; makes an abstract idea vivid and physical; sneaks an argument past the reader&rsquo;s critical defences by making them see the comparison before they can object to it.<br><br><strong>Expert citation</strong> &mdash; borrows authority from a named, credible source; positions the writer&rsquo;s view as part of established consensus rather than personal opinion.<br><br><strong>Statistics</strong> &mdash; grounds the argument in measurable scale; converts individual sympathy into a sense of systemic, universal pattern.<br><br><strong>Key rule:</strong> all three require a <em>function sentence</em> after them &mdash; the sentence explaining what the evidence achieves is where the marks live.
Key terms

English Language glossary

What are the three evidence moves in persuasive writing, and what does each one do?
<strong>Metaphor</strong> &mdash; makes an abstract idea vivid and physical; sneaks an argument past the reader&rsquo;s critical defences by making them see the comparison before they can object to it.<br><br><strong>Expert citation</strong> &mdash; borrows authority from a named, credible source; positions the writer&rsquo;s view as part of established consensus rather than personal opinion.<br><br><strong>Statistics</strong> &mdash; grounds the argument in measurable scale; converts individual sympathy into a sense of systemic, universal pattern.<br><br><strong>Key rule:</strong> all three require a <em>function sentence</em> after them &mdash; the sentence explaining what the evidence achieves is where the marks live.
Spotlight
&#128270; The Three Evidence Moves &#8212; and How to Deploy Each

There are three types of evidence available to persuasive writers. Each type does a different job. Recognising the type is the first move; the second is explaining its persuasive function.

Now try it yourself

Quiz · Question 1 of 10

Which of these sentences is an example of a metaphor used as persuasive evidence?

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