The Fractionating Column: Step by Step

Part of Crude Oil · Section 6 of 13

Deep DiveUnit: Organic ChemistryGCSE

This deep dive covers The Fractionating Column: Step by Step within Crude Oil for GCSE Chemistry. Topic 37: Crude Oil It is section 6 of 13 in this topic. Use this deep dive to connect the idea to the wider topic before moving on to questions and flashcards.

🔄 The Fractionating Column: Step by Step

  1. Heat crude oil to ~350°C → all hydrocarbons vaporise
  2. Enter hot vapour into bottom of tall column
  3. Rise — vapour travels up through the column
  4. Cool — temperature decreases going up the column
  5. Condense — each fraction condenses when it reaches its boiling point
  6. Collect — liquid fractions drawn off at different heights
  7. Exit — gases that don't condense exit at the top

Practice questions for Crude Oil

A hydrocarbon is a compound that contains only:

  • A. Hydrogen and carbon only
  • B. Hydrogen and oxygen only
  • C. Carbon and nitrogen only
  • D. Hydrogen, carbon and oxygen
1 markfoundation

Explain how fractional distillation separates crude oil into different fractions.

3 marksstandard

Quick recall flashcards

What is a hydrocarbon?
A molecule made of hydrogen and carbon atoms ONLY
What is crude oil?
A mixture of many different hydrocarbons

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