Pressure

PhysicsAQAGCSEUnit: Forces
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The basics

The Stiletto That Sank Into the Lawn

💪 The Stiletto That Sank Into the Lawn

At a garden party, a person wearing stiletto heels steps onto the grass and immediately sinks in. Their friend in snowshoes strolls across without leaving a mark. Both people weigh exactly the same. The difference? Pressure. It's not just about how hard you push — it's about how much area you spread that force across. A stiletto heel concentrates all your weight onto roughly 1 cm² of ground. A snowshoe spreads it over 2000 cm². Same force, tiny area = enormous pressure. That's the whole idea.
What is pressure?: The force acting per unit area on a surface. P = F / A
Key terms

Physics glossary

What is pressure?
The force acting per unit area on a surface. P = F / A
Spotlight
What Is Pressure? The P = F/A Equation

Pressure is the force acting per unit area on a surface. It tells us how concentrated a force is — a large force on a small area causes far more damage than the same force spread over a wide area.

Exam tip

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🧠 Memory Aids

The Pressure Triangle

Draw a triangle with P at the top, F on the bottom-left, and A on the bottom-right. Cover what you want to find:

  • Cover P: F over A → P = F / A
  • Cover F: P times A → F = P × A
  • Cover A: F over P → A = F / P

Remembering the units

"1 Pa = 1 N on 1 m²" — one Pascal is one Newton of force spread over one square metre. The unit name honours Blaise Pascal, the 17th-century French mathematician who studied fluid pressure.

P = hρg — "Here Rho Goes"

The letters in P = hρg can be remembered as Here Rho Goes (h, ρ, g) — depth times density times gravity. The word "rho" (ρ) is the Greek letter for density.

Atmospheric pressure and altitude

"Higher up = less air above = lower pressure." Think of it as a pile of air pressing down on you. The higher you climb, the less of the pile is above your head.

Now try it yourself

Quiz · Question 1 of 15

What is the correct equation for pressure?

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