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Quiz yourself on Protein Synthesis — Transcription and TranslationGet your flashcardsBuild my revision planTrack my progress⚖️ Transcription vs Translation: Side-by-Side
| Feature | Transcription | Translation |
|---|---|---|
| Location | Nucleus | Ribosome (cytoplasm) |
| Template used | Template strand of DNA | mRNA strand |
| Product | mRNA (messenger RNA) | Polypeptide (protein) |
| Key enzyme / molecule | RNA polymerase | Ribosome + tRNA |
| Building blocks used | RNA nucleotides (A, U, G, C) | Amino acids (brought by tRNA) |
| Bonds formed | Phosphodiester bonds between RNA nucleotides | Peptide bonds between amino acids |
| Base pairing rule difference | A→U, T→A, G→C, C→G | Codon↔anticodon: A-U, G-C (RNA-RNA) |
| Direction of reading | Template strand read 3'→5' | mRNA read 5'→3' |
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