GraphsTopic Summary

Knowledge Organiser: Coordinates

Part of Coordinates · GCSE GCSE Mathematics revision

This topic summary covers Knowledge Organiser: Coordinates within Coordinates for GCSE Mathematics. Revise Coordinates in Graphs for GCSE Mathematics with 10 exam-style questions and 20 flashcards. This topic appears regularly enough that it should still be part of a steady revision cycle. It is section 8 of 8 in this topic. Use this topic summary to connect the idea to the wider topic before moving on to questions and flashcards.

Topic position

Section 8 of 8

Practice

10 questions

Recall

20 flashcards

Knowledge Organiser: Coordinates

Key Terms
  • Coordinates: A pair (x, y) that gives the position of a point on a grid
  • x-coordinate: Horizontal distance from the origin (positive = right)
  • y-coordinate: Vertical distance from the origin (positive = up)
  • Origin: The point (0, 0) where the x-axis and y-axis cross
  • Quadrant: One of the four regions of the coordinate grid
  • Midpoint: The exact middle point of a line segment
Must-Know Facts
  • Always write coordinates as (x, y) — x first (across), then y (up)
  • Quadrant 1: (+, +); Quadrant 2: (−, +); Quadrant 3: (−, −); Quadrant 4: (+, −)
  • Negative x-coordinate means left of the y-axis; negative y means below the x-axis
  • The origin (0, 0) belongs to neither axis quadrant
  • Points on the x-axis always have y = 0; points on the y-axis always have x = 0
  • Memory aid: "Along the corridor, then up the stairs" — x before y
Key Formulas
  • Midpoint of (x₁, y₁) and (x₂, y₂) = ((x₁ + x₂) ÷ 2, (y₁ + y₂) ÷ 2)
  • Distance between two points = √[(x₂ − x₁)² + (y₂ − y₁)²]
  • To find distance without the formula: use Pythagoras on the horizontal and vertical gaps
Common Mistakes
  • x before y: Coordinates are always (x, y) — across first, then up/down
  • Negative coordinates: (−3, 2) means 3 left and 2 up — both the sign and direction must be correct
  • Midpoint formula: Average the x-values AND the y-values separately — don't add all four numbers and divide by 4
  • Distance formula sign: (x₂ − x₁)² is always positive (squared) — negative differences work fine under the square root

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Read this section alongside the surrounding pages in Coordinates. That gives you the full topic sequence instead of a single isolated revision point.

Practice Questions for Coordinates

Which point has coordinates (–3, 5)?

  • A. 3 units right, 5 units up
  • B. 3 units left, 5 units up
  • C. 5 units left, 3 units up
  • D. 3 units left, 5 units down
1 markfoundation

A triangle has vertices at P(−1, 2), Q(3, 5) and R(7, 2). Show that the triangle is isosceles.

3 markshigher

Quick Recall Flashcards

Which axis is vertical?
The y-axis is the vertical axis (runs up and down).
What are coordinates?
A pair of numbers (x, y) that describe the exact position of a point on a coordinate plane.

10 questions on Coordinates — practise free

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