Ratio & ProportionTopic Summary

Knowledge Organiser: Proportion Graphs

Part of Proportion Graphs · GCSE GCSE Mathematics revision

This topic summary covers Knowledge Organiser: Proportion Graphs within Proportion Graphs for GCSE Mathematics. Revise Proportion Graphs in Ratio & Proportion for GCSE Mathematics with 14 exam-style questions and 4 flashcards. This topic appears less often, but it can still be a useful differentiator on mixed-topic papers. It is section 6 of 6 in this topic. Use this topic summary to connect the idea to the wider topic before moving on to questions and flashcards.

Topic position

Section 6 of 6

Practice

14 questions

Recall

4 flashcards

Knowledge Organiser: Proportion Graphs

Key Terms
  • Constant of proportionality (k): The fixed number linking y and x in any proportion equation
  • Direct proportion (y = kx): Straight line through the origin
  • y ∝ x²: y is proportional to x squared — a curved graph (parabola) through origin
  • Inverse proportion (y = k/x): A hyperbola — curve that never touches the axes
  • Origin: The point (0, 0) — all direct proportion graphs pass through here
Must-Know Facts
  • y = kx → straight line through origin (gradient = k)
  • y = kx² → curved graph through origin (parabola shape)
  • y = k/x → hyperbola, never touching either axis
  • Find k by substituting a given pair of x and y values into the equation
  • If y doubles when x doubles: direct. If y halves when x doubles: inverse
  • If y quadruples when x doubles: y ∝ x²
Key Formulas
  • y = kx (direct proportion; k = y ÷ x)
  • y = kx² (proportional to square; k = y ÷ x²)
  • y = k/x (inverse; k = x × y)
  • y = k√x (proportional to square root; k = y ÷ √x)
Common Mistakes
  • Identifying graph type: Straight line through origin = direct; curve through origin = power/root; hyperbola = inverse
  • y-intercept not zero: y = kx must pass through (0, 0) — if it doesn't, it is NOT direct proportion
  • Confusing y = kx² with y = (kx)²: These give different graphs — the power applies only to x
  • Finding k from graph: Read off a clear point (not the origin) and substitute into the correct equation

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Keep building this topic

Read this section alongside the surrounding pages in Proportion Graphs. That gives you the full topic sequence instead of a single isolated revision point.

Practice Questions for Proportion Graphs

Which of the following describes the graph of a direct proportion relationship?

  • A. A curved line passing through the origin
  • B. A straight line passing through the origin
  • C. A straight line that crosses the y-axis above zero
  • D. A U-shaped curve symmetric about the y-axis
1 markfoundation

Aisha says: 'Because the graph of y against x is a straight line, y must be directly proportional to x.' Is Aisha correct? Explain your answer.

2 marksstandard

Quick Recall Flashcards

Direct vs Inverse
Direct: both increase together (y ∝ x). Inverse: one increases, other decreases (y ∝ 1/x).
Finding k
Use given values to find constant k, then apply to new values

14 questions on Proportion Graphs — practise free

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