ProbabilityTopic Summary

Knowledge Organiser: Tree Diagrams

Part of Tree Diagrams · GCSE GCSE Mathematics revision

This topic summary covers Knowledge Organiser: Tree Diagrams within Tree Diagrams for GCSE Mathematics. Revise Tree Diagrams in Probability for GCSE Mathematics with 15 exam-style questions and 20 flashcards. This is a high-frequency topic, so it is worth revising until the explanation feels precise and repeatable. It is section 7 of 7 in this topic. Use this topic summary to connect the idea to the wider topic before moving on to questions and flashcards.

Topic position

Section 7 of 7

Practice

15 questions

Recall

20 flashcards

Knowledge Organiser: Tree Diagrams

Key Terms
  • Tree diagram: A visual tool showing all possible outcomes of multi-stage events
  • Branch: A line representing one possible outcome at a stage
  • Path: A route from start to end through the tree (one complete sequence)
  • With replacement: Item returned before next draw — probabilities unchanged
  • Without replacement: Item not returned — probabilities change at each stage
  • Independent events: One event does not affect the probability of another
Must-Know Facts
  • Probabilities on branches from the same point must add up to 1
  • Multiply probabilities ALONG a path to get the probability of that sequence
  • Add probabilities ACROSS paths that all lead to the same event
  • Without replacement: after removing an item, total reduces by 1
  • All final path probabilities must sum to 1 — use this to check
  • Label every branch with both the outcome and its probability
Key Formulas
  • P(path) = product of all branch probabilities along that path
  • P(event) = sum of P(path) for every path where the event occurs
  • P(A and B) = P(A) × P(B|A) — multiply along branches
  • Check: sum of all path probabilities = 1
Common Mistakes
  • Adding along branches instead of multiplying: To find P(path), MULTIPLY probabilities along the branches
  • Multiplying instead of adding paths: For "either this path OR that path", ADD the path probabilities
  • Not adjusting for "without replacement": If items are not replaced, the second branch probabilities change
  • Branch probabilities not summing to 1: At each split, all branch probabilities must add to 1 — check this as you draw

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Keep building this topic

Read this section alongside the surrounding pages in Tree Diagrams. That gives you the full topic sequence instead of a single isolated revision point.

Practice Questions for Tree Diagrams

A fair coin is flipped twice. In a tree diagram, what must the probabilities on the branches from the same point always add up to?

  • A. 0
  • B. 1
  • C. The number of branches
  • D. The total number of outcomes
1 markfoundation

Explain the two key rules used when calculating probabilities from a tree diagram. Your answer should refer to both the multiplication rule and the addition rule.

3 marksstandard

Quick Recall Flashcards

What is a tree diagram?
A visual representation of all possible outcomes in multi-stage events
What does each branch in a tree diagram represent?
A possible outcome at that stage of the experiment

15 questions on Tree Diagrams — practise free

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