Geometry & MeasuresTopic Summary

Knowledge Organiser: Vectors — Geometry Proofs

Part of Vectors (Geometry Proofs) · GCSE GCSE Mathematics revision

This topic summary covers Knowledge Organiser: Vectors — Geometry Proofs within Vectors (Geometry Proofs) for GCSE Mathematics. Revise Vectors (Geometry Proofs) in Geometry & Measures for GCSE Mathematics with 14 exam-style questions and 12 flashcards. This is a high-frequency topic, so it is worth revising until the explanation feels precise and repeatable. It is section 12 of 12 in this topic. Use this topic summary to connect the idea to the wider topic before moving on to questions and flashcards.

Topic position

Section 12 of 12

Practice

14 questions

Recall

12 flashcards

Knowledge Organiser: Vectors — Geometry Proofs

Key Terms
  • Collinear: Three or more points lying on the same straight line
  • Parallel vectors: One vector is a scalar multiple of the other
  • Position vector: A vector from the origin O to a point
  • Midpoint: OM = ½(OA + OB) — average of position vectors
  • Ratio division: P divides AB in ratio m:n → OP = OA + [m/(m+n)] × AB
Must-Know Facts
  • To find any vector, follow a PATH through labelled points
  • Travelling against an arrow: negate the vector
  • Parallel lines: show one vector = k × the other, state k
  • Collinear points: show vectors are parallel AND share a common point
  • Always write a conclusion sentence for proof questions
Key Methods
  • Path rule: AB = AO + OB = −OA + OB = −a + b
  • Midpoint: OM = ½(a + b)
  • Parallel test: p = kq for non-zero scalar k
  • Collinear: parallel + common point (state both)
Key Formulas
  • AB = b − a (position of end minus position of start)
  • Midpoint M of AB: OM = ½(a + b)
  • Parallel vectors: p = kq for some non-zero scalar k
  • Collinear points: show vectors are parallel AND share a common point
Common Mistakes
  • AB = a − b: Wrong — AB = b − a (end position minus start position)
  • Parallel but not collinear: Parallel vectors may not lie on the same line — must also show a common point for collinearity
  • Not showing working clearly: Write each vector path step by step using the rules — examiners award marks for method
  • Scalar multiple vs sum: For parallel proof, express one vector as a scalar multiple of the other — not just show they have the same direction

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Read this section alongside the surrounding pages in Vectors (Geometry Proofs). That gives you the full topic sequence instead of a single isolated revision point.

Practice Questions for Vectors (Geometry Proofs)

Vector AB goes from point A to point B. Which of the following describes vector BA?

  • A. The same vector as AB
  • B. Twice the length of AB in the same direction
  • C. The same magnitude as AB but in the opposite direction
  • D. Half the length of AB in the opposite direction
1 markfoundation

A student says: 'I have shown that vector AB is parallel to vector CD, so A, B, C, D all lie on the same straight line.' Explain why the student's reasoning is incorrect.

2 marksstandard

Quick Recall Flashcards

When are two vectors parallel?
Two vectors p and q are parallel when one is a scalar multiple of the other: p = kq for some non-zero scalar k. They point in the same or exactly opposite direction.
If AB = a, what is BA?
BA = -a. Reversing the direction of travel negates the vector. In diagrams: if you travel against an arrow, write a negative sign in front of that vector.

14 questions on Vectors (Geometry Proofs) — practise free

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