Network SecurityTopic Summary

Knowledge Organiser: Technical Attacks

Part of Technical Attacks · GCSE GCSE Computer Science revision

This topic summary covers Knowledge Organiser: Technical Attacks within Technical Attacks for GCSE Computer Science. Revise Technical Attacks in Network Security for GCSE Computer Science with 15 exam-style questions and 16 flashcards. This topic appears less often, but it can still be a useful differentiator on mixed-topic papers. It is section 9 of 9 in this topic. Use this topic summary to connect the idea to the wider topic before moving on to questions and flashcards.

Topic position

Section 9 of 9

Practice

15 questions

Recall

16 flashcards

Knowledge Organiser: Technical Attacks

Key Terms
  • Brute force attack: Systematically trying every possible password combination
  • Dictionary attack: Trying common passwords first before exhaustive combinations
  • DoS (Denial of Service): Flooding a server with requests from ONE source
  • DDoS (Distributed DoS): Flooding a server from MANY sources simultaneously
  • Botnet: Network of compromised computers used to launch DDoS attacks
  • SQL injection: Inserting malicious SQL code into a database input field
  • Man-in-the-middle (MITM): Attacker intercepts communications between two parties
Must-Know Facts
  • DDoS uses MULTIPLE attacking computers; DoS uses only one
  • SQL injection targets DATABASES through user input fields (forms, search boxes)
  • Brute force tries ALL combinations; dictionary attack tries COMMON passwords first
  • Brute force prevention: account lockout, CAPTCHA, strong passwords, MFA
  • DDoS impact: website unavailable, lost revenue, reputation damage
  • SQL injection prevention: input sanitisation, parameterised queries
Key Concepts
  • Technical attacks exploit system/software vulnerabilities (not humans)
  • DDoS: compromised computers (botnet) overwhelm target with traffic
  • SQL injection: malicious input alters the database query logic
  • Brute force: short simple passwords = cracked in minutes; long complex = years
  • Prevention: input validation, rate limiting, account lockout, strong passwords
Common Mistakes
  • Confusing DoS and DDoS: DoS comes from ONE source; DDoS comes from MANY computers simultaneously (a botnet) — always specify the difference
  • Saying SQL injection "crashes" the database: SQL injection manipulates the database query to extract, modify, or delete data — it exploits logic, not crashes
  • Confusing brute force and dictionary attacks: Brute force tries every possible combination; dictionary attack tries a list of common passwords first
  • Saying brute force is prevented only by long passwords: Prevention also includes account lockout policies, CAPTCHAs, and multi-factor authentication
  • Describing MITM as "hacking the server": A man-in-the-middle attack intercepts communications between two parties — the attacker sits between them, not inside either system

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Practice Questions for Technical Attacks

Which of the following best describes a brute force attack?

  • A. Sending millions of requests to crash a server
  • B. Trying every possible combination of characters until the correct password is found
  • C. Inserting malicious code into a database query
  • D. Intercepting data as it travels across a network
1 markfoundation

Explain what a DDoS attack is and how it affects a network.

3 marksstandard

Quick Recall Flashcards

15 questions on Technical Attacks — practise free

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