NumberTopic Summary

Knowledge Organiser: Proportion Graphs

Part of Proportion · GCSE GCSE Mathematics revision

This topic summary covers Knowledge Organiser: Proportion Graphs within Proportion for GCSE Mathematics. Revise Proportion in Number for GCSE Mathematics with 12 exam-style questions and 22 flashcards. This topic appears less often, but it can still be a useful differentiator on mixed-topic papers. It is section 16 of 16 in this topic. Use this topic summary to connect the idea to the wider topic before moving on to questions and flashcards.

Topic position

Section 16 of 16

Practice

12 questions

Recall

22 flashcards

Knowledge Organiser: Proportion Graphs

Key Terms
  • Constant of proportionality (k): The fixed number linking y and x in any proportion equation
  • Direct proportion (y = kx): Straight line through the origin
  • y ∝ x²: y is proportional to x squared — a curved graph (parabola) through origin
  • Inverse proportion (y = k/x): A hyperbola — curve that never touches the axes
  • Origin: The point (0, 0) — all direct proportion graphs pass through here
Must-Know Facts
  • y = kx → straight line through origin (gradient = k)
  • y = kx² → curved graph through origin (parabola shape)
  • y = k/x → hyperbola, never touching either axis
  • Find k by substituting a given pair of x and y values into the equation
  • If y doubles when x doubles: direct. If y halves when x doubles: inverse
  • If y quadruples when x doubles: y ∝ x²
Key Formulas
  • y = kx (direct proportion; k = y ÷ x)
  • y = kx² (proportional to square; k = y ÷ x²)
  • y = k/x (inverse; k = x × y)
  • y = k√x (proportional to square root; k = y ÷ √x)
Common Mistakes
  • Identifying graph type: Straight line through origin = direct; curve through origin = power/root; hyperbola = inverse
  • y-intercept not zero: y = kx must pass through (0, 0) — if it doesn't, it is NOT direct proportion
  • Confusing y = kx² with y = (kx)²: These give different graphs — the power applies only to x
  • Finding k from graph: Read off a clear point (not the origin) and substitute into the correct equation

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Keep building this topic

Read this section alongside the surrounding pages in Proportion. That gives you the full topic sequence instead of a single isolated revision point.

Practice Questions for Proportion

y is directly proportional to x. Which equation could represent this relationship?

  • A. y = k/x
  • B. y = kx
  • C. y = k − x
  • D. y = x²
1 markfoundation

Explain how you can tell from a graph whether two quantities are in direct or inverse proportion.

2 marksstandard

Quick Recall Flashcards

Recipe Application
Recipe for 4 people uses 300g flour How much for 10 people? Flour ∝ People (direct) F = kP 300 = k × 4, so k = 75 For 10 people: F = 75 × 10 = 750g
Proportion Symbol
∝ means 'proportional to' Examples: y ∝ x (y is proportional to x) y ∝ 1/x (y is inversely proportional to x)

12 questions on Proportion — practise free

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