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The more strips you use, the closer the estimate is to the true area.
To decide whether a trapezia estimate is an over- or underestimate, look at the shape of the curve between each pair of strip boundaries:
- Bends upward (∪ shape between boundaries): the straight-line tops of the trapeziums lie ABOVE the curve: the estimate is an overestimate
- Bends downward (∩ shape between boundaries): the straight-line tops lie BELOW the curve: the estimate is an underestimate
- Mixed curvature: some strips underestimate and some overestimate: state which effect dominates or that it is not possible to tell overall
Key note: if the curve dips below the x-axis, the area of that region contributes a negative value to the total. On a speed-time graph this would be unusual (negative speed), but on other graphs you may need to consider the sign of each region separately.
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